Combined arms from Greece to the Nile.
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1. Greek Resistance
Macedonia vs Sparta
Historical Briefing: Philip II and Alexander built the Macedonian army around combined arms: a pike phalanx to pin the enemy and elite Companion cavalry to deliver the decisive blow — the hammer and the anvil. At Chaeronea in 338 BC this system ended the age of the free Greek city-state.
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2. Granicus: First Step into Asia
Macedonia vs Persia · Historical Battle (334 BC)
Historical Briefing: At the Granicus in 334 BC, Alexander won his first great victory in Asia with an immediate, aggressive cavalry charge across the river into the Persian satraps' line. The bold assault opened Asia Minor to his conquest.
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3. Issus: Pressure the King
Macedonia vs Persia · Historical Battle (333 BC)
Historical Briefing: At Issus in 333 BC, Alexander defeated a far larger army by driving his Companion cavalry straight at Darius III. The Persian king's flight from the field decided the battle and shattered Persian morale.
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4. Gaugamela: Fall of the Empire
Macedonia vs Persia · Historical Battle (331 BC)
Historical Briefing: At Gaugamela in 331 BC, on ground the Persians chose for their numbers and scythed chariots, Alexander drew the enemy line apart and charged a gap toward Darius. The victory ended the Achaemenid Empire and made him lord of Asia.
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5. Megalopolis: Crush the Revolt
Macedonia vs Sparta · Historical Battle (331 BC)
Historical Briefing: In 331 BC, while Alexander was deep in Asia, King Agis III of Sparta led a revolt against Macedonian rule. Alexander's regent Antipater crushed it at Megalopolis, where Agis died fighting — the last stand of Spartan independence.